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SPLBYOPN.4CA
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1995-08-28
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SPLINTER REBIDS BY OPENER
A double jump rebid in a new suit, and certain "unnecessary" single
jumps in a new suit, are splinter bids. Splinter bids can only be
made at the three or four level. Similar bids at the five level
are asking bids, as are bids one level higher than a splinter bid.
See chapter ASKING BIDS in the book "Strong Bidding" for a
discussion of asking bids and responses.
Opener Responder
1C 1D
3H/3S - splinter bid
4H/4S - asking bid
After a New Suit Response
If the response to an opening bid was in a new suit, the require-
ments for a splinter bid are:
-- Strong trump support for partner's suit, usually Qxxx or better
-- More than just game-going strength--a little extra
-- A singleton in the splinter suit, not a void
-- Strength in the unbid suit, at least a queen
Lacking any of these requirements, it is usually better to avoid
splintering.
Since reverses are forcing on a two-over-one responder, a jump
reverse is "unnecessary" and is therefore a splinter bid:
Opener Responder
1H 2C
3S - splinter
A new suit at the three level is also forcing on a two-over-one
bidder, so a jump to the four level is a splinter bid:
Opener Responder
1C 1S
4D/4H - splinter
Although the remaining unbid suit is usually three cards long in
a 5-4-3-1 hand, it could be a doubleton in a 6-4-2-1 hand. A
4-4-4-1 shape is generally inadvisable, because there could be a
good contract in the unbid four-card suit. It may be better to make
a forcing bid in that suit, then raise partner. By including a jump
somewhere along the line, you promise a singleton or void in the
fourth suit:
Opener Responder
1D 1S
3C 3D
4S - four spades, short hearts
A splinter bid is a mild slam try at least, not just a game-going
hand. With barely enough for game, or weak trumps, don't make a
splinter bid. The alternative will usually be a normal forcing new
suit bid followed by a jump to game. The same is true if the short
suit is a void. Splinter bids based on voids are undesirable
because partner will regard an ace in that suit as an asset when
it is practically worthless. You can splinter with a void, however,
if the hand is strong enough to follow with a 4NT bid (Exclusion
Blackwood--see chapter BLACKWOOD in the book "Strong Bidding."
Splinter bids are used in competition, but then do not require more
than mere game-going strength. With the opponents bidding, it is
important to get the hand described before a preemptive raise shuts
out communication. A lower bid in the splinter suit must be forcing
if the higher bid is to be recognized as a splinter bid:
South West North East
1D 1H 1S 2H
4C - natural, because 3C is not forcing
South West North East
1C Pass 1S 2D
3H - normal jump shift (2H not forcing)
4D/4H - splinter
A splinter bid in an opposing suit must be a single jump; a non-
jump is just a cue bid and a double jump is an asking bid.
Splintering in the remaining unbid suit (4H, in the last sequence)
denies first or second round control of the opposing suit.
When responder is known to have at least a good five-card suit, it
is possible to make the splinter bid with only three-card support.
Opener's hand should be very powerful, and this splinter is usually
made only because the opponents are crowding the bidding:
South West North East
1D 2C 2S Pass
4H - splinter
South has S-KJ3 H-A D-AKJ763 C-52. This splinter warns partner of
at least two club losers, so North won't try for slam with
S-A109876 H-K32 D-Q4 C-64, but would do so (via Roman Key Card
Blackwood) with one less club.
After a 1NT Response
If the response to the opening bid 1NT, a double jump to four in
a new suit is a splinter bid showing a super hand. Gerber is not
used after a 1NT response (or rebid).
Opener Responder
1S 1NT
4C/4D/4H - splinter, slam try
Opener has a hand like: S-AQJ8742 H-6 D-AQ8 C-A3. This splinter
must be a double jump (or a single jump cue bid):
South West North East
1S Pass 1NT 2D
4C - natural (3C not forcing here)
4D/4H - splinter, slam try
The 4H splinter bid denies first or second round control of
diamonds: S-AKQ10876 H-9 D-76 C-AQ3 With five controls, this hand
is too good for a NAMYATS 4D opening (see chapter HIGH LEVEL
PREEMPTIVE OPENINGS in the book "Weak Bidding."
After a 2NT Response
Splinter bids are not used after an Omnibus 2NT Response. See
chapter OMNIBUS in the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments."
After a 2NT response by a passed hand (which is not Omnibus), or
if not using Omnibus, a jump to the four level in a new suit is a
splinter bid:
Opener Responder
-- Pass
1S 2NT
4C/4D/4H - splinter bid, long/strong spades
After a Single Raise
A new suit by opener is forcing after a single raise, so an
"unnecessary" jump is a splinter bid:
Opener Responder
1C 2C
3H - splinter (2H forcing)
Opener has S-AQ6 H-5 D-KJ7 C-AK8743. If responder has something
like S-6 H-J93 D-AQ652 C-9652, a slam is almost a laydown.
This splinter bid is used in competition, but only when the
situation is quite clear. A new suit rebid over RHO's overcall is
a forcing game try, so an "unnecessary" jump is a splinter bid:
South West North East
1C Pass 2C 2D
2H/2S - forcing
3H/3S/4D - splinter bids
The 3H and 3S splinter bids deny first or second round control of
diamonds.
South West North East
1H Pass 2H 2S
3C/3D - forcing, game try
4C/4D - splinter bids
After A Limit Raise
A jump to the four level over partner's limit raise is a splinter
bid, which means that the following is the only splinter pos-
sibility after a limit raise of a major:
Opener Responder
1H 3H
4S - splinter, strong slam try
5C/5D - asking bid
See chapter ASKING BIDS in the book "Strong Bidding."
Other Splinter Bids
Splinter bids apply after a forcing club raise, but must be a jump
to the four level:
Opener Responder
1C 3D - forcing club raise
4H/4S - splinter
4D - natural bid (non-jump)
When opener's third bid is a jump in a new suit, the splinter is
obvious:
Opener Responder
1D 1S
3C 3D
4H - splinter
Opener has S-A3 H-5 D-AKJ876 C-AQ83. In this case it is opener's
suit that is agreed. Opener cannot bid 3S to promise a singleton
heart, because that would show three-card spade support.
Opener Responder
1H 1S
2H 3C
4D - splinter
In this case opener has limited her hand with the 2H bid, so is
free to splinter with S-J3 H-AK8654 D-5 C-KQ52.